36 research outputs found
The Impact of Mental Health and Wellbeing on Effective Learning and Teaching:A practical guide for those responsible for learners
Peer reviewedPublisher PD
The Relationship Between Black Hole Mass and Velocity Dispersion in Seyfert 1 Galaxies
Black hole masses in active galactic nuclei (AGN) are difficult to measure
using conventional dynamical methods, but can be determined using the technique
of reverberation mapping. However, it is important to verify that the results
of these different methods are equivalent. This can be done indirectly, using
scaling relations between the black hole and the host galaxy spheroid. For this
purpose, we have obtained new measurements of the bulge stellar velocity
dispersion, sigma, in Seyfert 1 galaxies. These are used in conjunction with
the M_bh -- sigma relation to validate nuclear black hole masses, M_bh, in
active galaxies determined through reverberation mapping. We find that Seyfert
galaxies follow the same M_bh -- sigma relation as non-active galaxies,
indicating that reverberation mapping measurements of M_bh are consistent with
those obtained using other methods. We also reconsider the relationship between
bulge absolute magnitude, M_bulge, and black hole mass. We find that Seyfert
galaxies are offset from non-active galaxies, but that the deviation can be
entirely understood as a difference in bulge luminosity, not black hole mass;
Seyfert hosts are brighter than normal galaxies for a given value of their
velocity dispersion, perhaps as a result of younger stellar populations.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical
Journa
Set up and assessment of progression criteria for internal pilots:the Brushing RemInder 4 Good oral HealTh (BRIGHT) trial example
Background
Dental caries is common in young people and has wide-ranging ramifications for health and quality of life. Text messaging interventions show promise as a means to promote oral health behaviour change among young people. This paper reports the internal pilot of the Brushing RemInder 4 Good oral HealTh (BRIGHT) trial, which is evaluating an intervention comprising an oral health classroom lesson and text messages about toothbrushing, on caries in young people. Pilot trial objectives were to evaluate the feasibility and appropriateness of recruitment and data collection methods, the randomisation strategy, and intervention delivery against progression criteria for the main trial.
Methods
This is an internal pilot trial embedded within an assessor-blinded, two-arm, cluster randomised controlled trial. Participants were pupils aged 11â13 years (in year 7/S1 or year 8/S2) in secondary schools in England, Scotland, and Wales with above average pupil eligibility for free school meals. Following completion of pupil baseline questionnaires and dental assessments, year groups within schools were randomised to the intervention or control arm. Approximately 12 weeks later, participants completed a follow-up questionnaire, which included questions about sources of oral health advice to assess intervention contamination between year groups. At the end of the pilot phase, trial conduct was reviewed against pre-specified progression criteria.
Results
Ten schools were recruited for the pilot, with 20 year groups and 1073 pupils randomised (average of 54 pupils per year group). Data collection methods and intervention delivery were considered feasible, the response rate to the follow-up questionnaire was over 80%, there was an indication of a positive effect on self-reported toothbrushing, and interest was obtained from 80% of the schools required for the main trial. Despite partial intervention contamination between year groups, within-school randomisation at the level of the year-group was considered appropriate for the main trial, and the sample size was revised to account for partial contamination. Facilitators and barriers to recruitment and data collection were identified and strategies refined for the main trial.
Conclusions
Progression to the main trial of BRIGHT, with some design refinements, was concluded. The internal pilot was an efficient way to determine trial feasibility and optimise trial processes
Working with the National Framework for Inclusion: a guide for teacher educators
This companion resource accompanies the National Framework for Inclusion 3rd edition and was developed by the Scottish Universities Inclusion Group (SUIG) and edited by Di Cantali (SUIG Chair). SUIG is a working group of the Scottish Council of Deans of Education
National framework for inclusion
Inclusive education is the cornerstone of Scottish education and, as such, must be of the highest priority for the Scottish Government and for all those involved in education in Scotland. There is clear recognition of the fact that teachers need to be well prepared and appropriately supported throughout their careers if they are to succeed in developing and sustaining the desired inclusive practice which will enable them to meet the increasingly diverse needs of all children within schools in Scotland
Working with the National Framework for Inclusion: a guide for teacher educators
This companion resource accompanies the National Framework for Inclusion 3rd edition and was developed by the Scottish Universities Inclusion Group (SUIG) and edited by Di Cantali (SUIG Chair). SUIG is a working group of the Scottish Council of Deans of Education
Educational Experiences and Shifts in Group Consciousness: Studying Women
This study takes a multifaceted approach to group consciousness. The authors assessed changes in womenâs feminist consciousness due to their exposure to feminism through womenâs studies. Feminist consciousness was measured at the beginning and end of a semester during which some research participants were enrolled in an introductory womenâs studies course. Womenâs studies students were compared with students who were interested, but not enrolled, in womenâs studies. As expected, womenâs studies students showed an increase on several aspects of feminist consciousness, whereas non-womenâs studies students did not. Non-womenâs studies students became less sensitive to sexism. It is also noteworthy that, although they became more feminist, womenâs studies students did not become more negative toward men.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/69064/2/10.1177_0146167299025003010.pd
Behaviour change intervention for toothbrushing (lesson and text messages) to prevent dental caries in secondary school pupils: The BRIGHT randomized control trial
Objectives: This multicentre, assessorâblinded, twoâarm cluster randomized trial evaluated the clinical and costâeffectiveness of a behaviour change intervention promoting toothbrushing for preventing dental caries in UK secondary schools. Methods: Pupils aged 11â13 years with their own mobile telephone attending secondary schools with above average free school meals eligibility were randomized (at yearâgroup level) to receive a lesson and twiceâdaily text messages or to usual care. Yearâgroups (n = 84) from 42 schools including 4680 pupils (intervention, n = 2262; control, n = 2418) were randomized. Results: In 2383 participants with valid data at baseline and 2.5 years, the primary outcome of presence of at least one treated or untreated carious lesion (D4â6 MFT [Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth] in permanent teeth using International Caries Detection and Assessment System) was 44.6% in the intervention group and 43.0% in control (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95% CI 0.85â1.26, p = .72). There were no statistically significant differences in secondary outcomes of presence of at least one treated or untreated carious lesion (D1â6 MFT), number of D4â6 MFT and D1â6 MFT, plaque and bleeding scores or healthârelatedâ (Child Health Utility 9D) or oral healthârelatedâ quality of life (CARIESâQC). However, twiceâdaily toothbrushing, reported by 77.6% of pupils at baseline, increased at 6 months (intervention, 86.9%; control, 83.0%; OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.03â1.63, p = .03), but returned to no difference at 2.5 years (intervention, 81.0%; control, 79.9%; OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.84â1.30, p = .69). Estimated incremental costs and qualityâadjusted lifeâyears (QALYs) of the intervention, relative to control, were ÂŁ1.02 (95% CI â1.29 to 3.23) and â0.003 (95% CI â0.009 to 0.002), respectively, with a 7% chance of being costâeffective (ÂŁ20 000/QALY gained threshold). Conclusion: There was no evidence of statistically significant difference for caries prevalence at 2.5âyears. The intervention's positive 6âmonth toothbrushing behaviour change did not translate into caries reduction. (ISRCTN 12139369). COVIDâ19 pandemic adversly affected followâup